Formation of comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives.

                                                                      
Formation of comparatives and superlatives.

                                                                               

Most adjectives having only one syllable and a few having more than one syllable form the comparative degree by adding er and the superlative degree by est.

Examples:

Positive                                    Comparative                                      Superlative          

Tall                                            Taller                                                    Tallest

Long                                          Longer                                                  Longest

High                                          Higher                                                   Highest                    

Young                                       Younger                                                Youngest

When the positive ends in e, only r or  st is added

Examples:

Positive                                    Comparative                                      Superlative          

Wise                                          Wiser                                                   Wisest

Fine                                           Finer                                                     Finest

Nice                                           Nicer                                                    Nicest

Large                                         Larger                                                  Largest

When the positive ends in y and it is preceded by a consonant , the y converts into i and er or st is added for it’s comparative or superlative degree respectively.

Examples:

Positive                                    Comparative                                      Superlative          

Heavy                                       Heavier                                                 Heaviest

Easy                                          Easier                                                    Easiest

Wealthy                                   Wealthier                                            Wealthiest

Lovely                                       Lovelier                                                Loveliest

When the positive is a one syllable word and ends in a single consonant and a vowel before it,  like red or big, the last consonant is doubled and er or est is added to it for converting the positive degree of the adjective to it’s comparative or superlative degree.

Example:

Positive                                    Comparative                                      Superlative          

Hot                                            Hotter                                                  Hottest

Thin                                           Thinner                                               Thinnest

Fat                                             Fatter                                                   fattest

Sad                                            sadder                                                  Saddest

Adjectives of more syllables form the comparative or superlative by having more or most respectively before it’s positive degree.

Examples:

Positive                                    Comparative                                      Superlative          

Beautiful                                  More beautiful                                Most beautiful

Intelligent                                More intelligent                              Most intelligent

Difficult                                    More difficult                                  Most difficult

Laborious                                More laborious                               Most labourious

There are many adjectives that can take either more or  er and most or est to get converted into comparative and superlative respectively.

Examples:

Positive                                    Comparative                                      Superlative          

Polite                                       Politer/ More polite                          Politest/Most polite

Cruel                                       Crueler/More cruel                            Cruelest/Most cruel

Common                    Commoner/More common             Commonest/Most common

Gentle                              Gentler/More gentle                          Gentlest/Most gentle

ð The comparative er can be used when we compare one qualities in two nouns.  If we want to say that the quality of strength in Raju is greater than the quality of strength of Rocky, we say Raju is stronger than Rocky.

ð But when we compare two qualities in the same person, if we want to say that Ronny has the quality of confidence, he has the quality of prudence and his confidence is more than his prudence, in such cases we generally use more rather than er.

We say Ronny is more confident than prudent.

ð When two objects are compared with each other, the latter form of comparative must exclude the former in the following way:

Suppose in a class there are forty students, Atul is the tallest among them, we should say Atul is taller than any other boy in his class. It is a general error to say Atul is taller than any boy in his class. Because it actually creates a sensation that Atul is taller than Atul also. This inclusion must be excluded.

ð Irregular comparison: There are a number of adjectives which don’t follow any rule to get converted into comparative or superlative degree. This conversion is called irregular comparison.

Examples:

Positive                                    Comparative                                      Superlative          

Good                                        Better                                                   Best

Bad                                           Worse                                                  Worst

Far                                            Farther                                                 Farthest

Old                                           Elder                                                      Eldest

In our upcoming lessons we are going to discuss much more about comparison of adjectives. Please stay adhered with us.

                                                                 

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Formation of comparatives and superlatives.

Most adjectives having only one syllable and a few having more than one syllable form the comparative degree by adding er and the superlative degree by est.

Examples:

Positive Comparative Superlative
Tall Taller Tallest
Long Longer Longest
High Higher Highest
Young Younger Youngest

When the positive ends in e, only r or st is added

Examples:

Positive Comparative Superlative
Wise Wiser Wisest
Fine Finer Finest
Nice Nicer Nicest
Large Larger Largest


When the positive ends in y and it is preceded by a consonant , the y converts into i and er or st is added for it’s comparative or superlative degree respectively.

Examples:

Positive Comparative Superlative
Heavy Heavier Heaviest
Easy Easier Easiest
Wealthy Wealthier Wealthiest
Lovely Lovelier Loveliest

When the positive is a one syllable word and ends in a single consonant and a vowel before it, like red or big, the last consonant is doubled and er or est is added to it for converting the positive degree of the adjective to it’s comparative or superlative degree.

Example:

Positive Comparative Superlative
Hot Hotter Hottest
Thin Thinner Thinnest
Fat Fatter fattest
Sad sadder Saddest


Adjectives of more syllables form the comparative or superlative by having more or most respectively before it’s positive degree.

Examples:

Positive Comparative Superlative
Beautiful More beautiful Most beautiful
Intelligent More intelligent Most intelligent
Difficult More difficult Most difficult
Laborious More laborious Most labourious

There are many adjectives that can take either more or er and most or est to get converted into comparative and superlative respectively.

Examples:

Positive Comparative Superlative
Polite Politer/ More polite Politest/Most polite
Cruel Crueler/More cruel Cruelest/Most cruel
Common Commoner/More common Commonest/Most common
Gentle Gentler/More gentle Gentlest/Most gentle

 The comparative er can be used when we compare one qualities in two nouns. If we want to say that the quality of strength in Raju is greater than the quality of strength of Rocky, we say Raju is stronger than Rocky.
 But when we compare two qualities in the same person, if we want to say that Ronny has the quality of confidence, he has the quality of prudence and his confidence is more than his prudence, in such cases we generally use more rather than er.
We say Ronny is more confident than prudent.
 When two objects are compared with each other, the latter form of comparative must exclude the former in the following way:
Suppose in a class there are forty students, Atul is the tallest among them, we should say Atul is taller than any other boy in his class. It is a general error to say Atul is taller than any boy in his class. Because it actually creates a sensation that Atul is taller than Atul also. This inclusion must be excluded.
 Irregular comparison: There are a number of adjectives which don’t follow any rule to get converted into comparative or superlative degree. This conversion is called irregular comparison.
Examples:
Positive Comparative Superlative
Good Better Best
Bad Worse Worst
Far Farther Farthest
Old Elder Eldest

In our upcoming lessons we are going to discuss much more about comparison of adjectives. Please stay adhered with us.

Please visit our website www.englishgrammartoday.com and enroll yourself there to get regular grammar update.

#Team_Today